Calculate the annualized return (CAGR) between a starting and ending value.
Total return is the simple gain: (final − initial) ÷ initial. CAGR (compound annual growth rate) annualizes it: (final ÷ initial)^(1 ÷ years) − 1, expressed as a percent. CAGR is the steady yearly rate that would turn the starting value into the ending value over the period.
The questions readers ask most about the investment return (cagr).